{"id":2563,"date":"2022-11-11T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/?p=2563"},"modified":"2022-11-10T08:23:06","modified_gmt":"2022-11-10T08:23:06","slug":"11-la-ceremonia-de-la-lustratio-antes-de-entrar-en-campana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/2022\/11\/11\/11-la-ceremonia-de-la-lustratio-antes-de-entrar-en-campana\/","title":{"rendered":"11. LA CEREMONIA DE LA LUSTRATIO ANTES DE ENTRAR EN CAMPA\u00d1A."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#8230; [Eneas] sacrifica seg\u00fan la costumbre dos ovejas<br>y otros tantos cerdos y los mismos novillos de negro lomo,<br>y vino derramaba con las p\u00e1teras y el alma invocaba<br>de Anquises el grande y sus Manes devueltos del Aqueronte&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Virgilio,&nbsp;<em>Eneida<\/em>, V, versos 96-99).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El gran poeta latino nos describe, en estos versos, uno de los sacrificios de animales m\u00e1s tradicionales en los ritos propiciatorios de la Roma Antigua, el conocido como&nbsp;<em>suovetaurilia<\/em>, as\u00ed denominado por la naturaleza de los animales inmolados: cerdos (<em>sus<\/em>&nbsp;en lat\u00edn), ovejas o corderos (<em>ovis<\/em>&nbsp;en lat\u00edn) y toros o bueyes (<em>taurus<\/em>&nbsp;en lat\u00edn). La misma ceremonia es la que se represent\u00f3, sobre piedra, en relieves tan conocidos como los que decoran el&nbsp;<em>Ara Pacis<\/em>&nbsp;augustea o la&nbsp;<em>Columna Traiana.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"456\" height=\"761\" src=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/carta-5-ceremonia-de-la-lustratio.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2784\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/carta-5-ceremonia-de-la-lustratio.jpg 456w, https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/carta-5-ceremonia-de-la-lustratio-180x300.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 456px) 100vw, 456px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Carta 5 que representa la ceremonia de la lustratio que efectuaban los ej\u00e9rcitos romanos antes de entrar en campa\u00f1a.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SACRIFICIO-DE-ANIMALES-1024x536.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2728\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SACRIFICIO-DE-ANIMALES-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SACRIFICIO-DE-ANIMALES-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SACRIFICIO-DE-ANIMALES-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/SACRIFICIO-DE-ANIMALES.jpg 1136w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La ceremonia de la Lustratio en la columna trajana.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Antes de salir de campa\u00f1a o participar en un combate, los ej\u00e9rcitos romanos se purificaban mediante la ceremonia de la<strong> Lustratio<\/strong>, durante la cual se sacrificaban los <strong>souvetaurilia<\/strong> ( un cerdo, una oveja y un toro ). Los augures interpretaban las entra\u00f1as de los animales para conocer la voluntad de los dioses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En esta escena de la columna trajana el ej\u00e9rcito sale del campamento para participar en la ceremonia de la Lustratio. El victimarius lleva al toro por las riendas. Delante del campamento, precediendo la procesi\u00f3n de las tres victimas ( souvetaurilia ), tres bucinatores y un symphoniacus tocan melod\u00edas sagradas que acompa\u00f1ar\u00e1n al sacrificio.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Roma-religion.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2729\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Roma-religion.jpg 600w, https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Roma-religion-300x144.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Los animales, por su parte, deb\u00edan ser conducidos hasta el ara sacrificial de manera suave, nunca forzada, ya que si la cuerda que los arrastraba se tensaba (como sucede con una de las v\u00edctimas del lienzo), el hecho pod\u00eda ser considerado como se\u00f1al de mal augurio. Una vez ante el sacerdote, se vert\u00eda sobre su cabeza vino y una mezcla de harina, sal y agua, denominada&nbsp;<em>mola salsa<\/em>. Este acto, conocido como&nbsp;<em>inmolare<\/em>, pas\u00f3 con posterioridad a designar al sacrificio propiamente dicho. Tras su muerte, que deb\u00eda de ser r\u00e1pida y limpia, se extra\u00edan sus \u00f3rganos internos para ser ofrecidos a los dioses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En el interior del campamento, Trajano, con el ropaje sacerdotal ( cintus gabinus ) que le cubre la cabeza se situa delante del altar. Cerca de \u00e9l, el camillus sostiene el cofre de inciensa ( acerra ) para esparcir sobre el altar en llamas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fuentes: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Liturgias, rituales y protocolos en los actos solemnes relativos a la vida y la muerte en el ej\u00e9rcito romano del alto imperio.<\/strong> Chantal Subirats Sorrosal. Tesis doctoral.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8230; [Eneas] sacrifica seg\u00fan la costumbre dos ovejasy otros tantos cerdos y los mismos novillos de negro lomo,y vino derramaba con las p\u00e1teras y el alma invocabade Anquises el grande y sus Manes devueltos del Aqueronte&#8230; (Virgilio,&nbsp;Eneida, V, versos 96-99). El gran poeta latino nos describe, en estos versos, uno de los sacrificios de animales [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":2728,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desafioroma","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2563"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4118,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2563\/revisions\/4118"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edicionesmasqueoca.com\/diarios\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2563"}],"curies":[{"nam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